president of ivory coast 2020
By. Incumbent president Alassane Ouattara was re-elected with 95% of the vote amidst an opposition boycott. In late 2019, President Alassane Ouattara announced that he would stand for an unconstitutional third term in office in the October 2020 … 1944 - Felix Houphouet-Boigny, later to become Ivory Coast's first president, ... listen and follow text commentary from day two of the Tokyo 2020 … Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara cheers during his last rally in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Thursday Oct. 29, 2020. Guillaume Soro. He subsequently became Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire on 7 November 1990, still under the IMF imposition, after which Charles Konan Bannyreplaced hi… Ivory Coast voted in a presidential election on Saturday with opposition leaders rejecting the ballot after a boycott and pockets of unrest against President Alassane Ouattara's attempt to secure a third term. By force of circumstances Gbagbo has become a serious challenger in the race for power in 2020 and will undoubtedly participate through his party in redefining the political landscape of the Ivory Coast in a continent and world context that is undergoing seismic changes. In a post on his official Facebook page, Mr Ouattara said “my warmest congratulations … Read more → In a file photo, French President Emmanuel Macron is welcomed by President Alassane Ouattara upon arrival in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Friday Dec. 20, 2019. On Monday, the Ivorian opposition said it was creating a … Vice President Of Ivory Coast Steps Down. Among those presidential candidates barred from running were the former president Laurent Gbagbo, recently acquitted of war crimes and Guillaume Soro, the ex-rebel leader who once helped oust Gbagbo from office by force. Until recently, Soro served as Ouattara's prime minister, but is now in exile. Ex-Prime Minister (2007-2012) Guillaume Soro launched his bid for the presidency by establishing the Political Committee (PC): Ivory Coast Vice President Daniel Kablan Duncan resigns Daniel Kablan Duncan, the Vice President of Ivory Coast has resigned from his position as confirmed by the presidency on Monday July 13. July 13, 2020. Current President Alassane Ouattara was re-elected for a third term in a ballot boycotted by the opposition, which deemed the new term unconstitutional. London, July 28, 2021 (AltAfrica)-Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara and long-time rival Laurent Gbagbo hugged on Tuesday at their first meeting in over a decade, part of efforts to ease political tensions in the West African country Ivory Coast president, Ouattara (right) welcomed Mr Gbagbo ex Ivorian president (left) into the presidential palace in the capital Abidjan on Tuesday. Ivory Coast’s President Alassane Ouattara has won a controversial third term in office in an election boycotted by the opposition. According to the constitution, Ivory Coast has a two-term presidential limit. Mr Ouattara - who has been elected twice - initially said he would stand down. Ivorian President Ouattara’s decision to run has caused protests, while the opposition is calling for a boycott. 30 2021 Headline: President Ouattara of Ivory Coast settles his decade long conflict with his predecessor, former President Gbagbo 3 hours ago ; French airstrikes in January at a wedding party in Mali branded a ‘complete violation of international human rights’ 4 hours ago IMF approves a staff-monitored program for Guinea-Bissau’s re-engagement with the global financial body 1 day ago Put an … Updated / Saturday, 1 Aug 2020 21:57. The AC Milan star, who scored a stunning goal in the opening match against Saudi Arabia, is leading Ivory Coast’s bid for a historic football medal at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. She was convicted two years earlier of crimes against the state and sentenced to 20 years, but was released after being granted amnesty in 2018. July 13, 2020. DAKAR, Senegal — The prime minister of Ivory Coast, a candidate for president in a coming election, died suddenly, the country’s president announced on … Burundi's president died in June 2020, long before vaccines were available. He took 94% of … 7 Aug 2020. The probable return of former President Gbagbo to Ivory Coast and its political implications After spending eight year in prison in The Hague, The Netherlands having been charged and pending trial for “crimes against humanity” at the ICC, former President Gbagbo was sensationally acquitted on 15 th January 2019. Joseph Zakariah. Witnesses told HRW that three people were killed by Ivorian security forces who opened fire after a group of demonstrators walked onto the road to block traffic to protest the re-election of Ivorian President Alassane Ouattara. Alassane Ouattara. Ivorian President Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term as President in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Monday Dec. 14, 2020. ABIDJAN, Ivory Coast (AP) — Opposition activists are threatening to block access to polling stations Saturday in an effort to disrupt the presidential election in Ivory Coast, where incumbent Alassane Ouattara is seeking a controversial third term after nearly a decade in power. November 4, 2020. in AP News, National. Ouattara, who received some 94.3% percent of … Ivory Coast’s Ouattara says he won’t seek third term in October election Issued on: 05/03/2020 - 13:26 The Ivorian president told lawmakers it was time to … While holding that position, Ouattara also remained in his post as BCEAO Governor. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara chose Hamed Bakayoko to be prime minster, replacing Amadou Gon Coulibaly, who died suddenly earlier this … Ivory Coast's octogenarian former President Henri Konan Bedie will run for office again in presidential elections in October, he said in a statement on Saturday. 2020 Olympics: Today's Olympic schedule ... ABIDJAN, Ivory Coast (AP) — Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara met on Tuesday with longtime rival … On November 9, a group of men gathered in a dusty town in southern Ivory Coast that sits at the junction of two major highways. Ivory Coast's President Alassane Ouattara has won a controversial third term in office in an election boycotted by the opposition. Didier Drogba was mobbed after the submission of his application to become president of the Ivorian Football Federation. on. Ivorian President Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term as President in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Monday Dec. 14, 2020. President of Ivory Coast, Alassan Ouattara, has congratulated President-elect of Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo. KWWL Television Inc. 511 E 5th St. Waterloo , IA 50703 News: (319)291-1200 News Tips: (800)947-7746 or news@kwwl.com — … Bakayoko died of cancer at a hospital in Germany on March 10. Ivory Coast President Heads for Victory in Disputed Election Leanne de Bassompierre, Baudelaire Mieu and Katarina Hoije 11/2/2020 Mount Rushmore … Ivory Coast President re-elected with 94% of votes. Ouattara, who received some 94.3% percent of the vote, had been expected to easily win the election after the leading opposition figures called on … Franck Kessie is one of the highest-rated midfielders in Italy's Serie A and the leader of the football Ivorian team at Tokyo 2020. FILE PHOTO: Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara speaks at the meeting of the ruling coalition party RHDP organized to nominate him to stand for a … Farida Adamu, June 4, 2020 Former President of Ivory Coast, Laurent Gbagbo was acquitted by the International Criminal Court (ICC), in January last year after seven years in custody for the violence that followed the 2010 presidential election which he lost. But the case of Ivory Coast is different. President of Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara arrives in Bamako on 23 July 2020, where West African leaders gathered in a push to end an escalating political crisis in Mali. In 2017, a court in Ivory Coast found Simone Gbagbo not guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity for her alleged role in abuses following the 2010 election. An alliance of opposition parties is boycotting the vote and has called […] Ivorian President Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term as President in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Monday Dec. 14, 2020. The opposition boycotted the Oct. 31 election, maintaining that … In January 2017, he became the first vice president in Ivory Coast’s history, taking up a post created under a new constitution adopted in 2016. Ivory Coast president scores landslide win, opposition cries foul Tuesday, 03 Nov 2020 11:33 AM MYT Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara speaks next to his wife Dominique after casting their votes at a polling station during the presidential election in Abidjan, Ivory Coast October 31, 2020. Much will depend on his choice of a presidential candidate. The latest Tweet by Reuters states, 'Ivory Coast's President Alassane Ouattara and former President Laurent Gbagbo met to pursue reconciliation more than a decade after the start of a civil war that killed more than 3,000 people ...' Ivory Coast's President Alassane Ouattara and Former President Laurent Gbagbo Met to ... - Latest Tweet by Reuters. Laurent Gbagbo. Tokyo Olympics 2020: Team GB scooping up more medals in the pool France 24; Tunisian democracy in turmoil after president sacks government France 24; Former Ivory Coast foes set for … Former Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo attends a mass at Saint Paul’s Cathedral in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire, June 20, 2021 (AP photo by Leo Correa). ABIDJAN – Côte d’Ivoire – Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara and rival Henri Konan Bédié met with one another for the first time in over two years on Wednesday in Abidjan. 6:27 PM | November 03, 2020 Incumbent Alassane Ouattara received 94% of votes to win a controversial third term as president of Ivory Coast , according to official figures announced late on Monday. Bakayoko … President of Ivory Coast, Alassan Ouattara, has congratulated President-elect of Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo. A supporter of the opposition parties shouts "Ivory Coast" during a protest after security forces blocked the access to the house of the former president Henri Konan Bedie, in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020. Ivory Coast’s Vice President Daniel Kablan Duncan has stepped down less than a week after the sudden death of Prime Minister Amadou Gon Coulibaly. Hamed Bakayoko became prime minister of Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d’Ivoire, in July 2020. Ivory Coast remains heavily affected by two decades of politico-ethnic violence with the latest incidents taking place during the last presidential election in 2020. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara chose Hamed Bakayoko to be prime minster, replacing Amadou Gon Coulibaly, who died suddenly earlier this … AFP or licensors. 0 414 3 minutes read. KATIOLA, IVORY COAST (Reuters) - Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara said on Saturday he would run for a third term if his predecessors decided to … Photo: Getty Images. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara said on 05 March 2020 he would not stand for re-election in 31 October 2020, ending speculation about his political future ahead of … Ouattara, who received some 94.3% percent of … Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara and bitter rival Laurent Gbagbo have embraced in their first meeting since the civil war 10 years ago. (Credit: Diomande Ble Blonde/AP.) Date 08.07.2020 … Supporters of Ivory Coast’s ex-president Laurent Gbagbo have submitted his documents to the electoral commission to get him registered as a candidate in the October elections ... 2020… ... President Alassane Ouattara has promised to create 200,000 new jobs a year, but the youth aren't convinced. Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Email. The Ivorian prime minister, who was 56, died of cancer at a hospital in the German city of Freiburg as reported on March 11, 2021 by Al Jazeera and … Thu 20 Aug 2020 02.15 EDT Last modified on Thu 20 Aug 2020 03.15 EDT. Some 3000 people were killed in that post-electoral violence. Including a coup d'etat and multiple civil wars. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara's decision to run for a third term in October's presidential election triggered outrage on Friday among opposition and civil society groups, who labelled it a "coup" that risked tipping the country into chaos. Nov. 3, 2020 Electoral officials said Tuesday that President Alassane Ouattara of Ivory Coast had won a third term in a landslide. Didier Drogba drew a … She was convicted two years earlier of crimes against the state and sentenced to 20 years, but was released after being granted amnesty in 2018. Over the years, the country has been dealt a significant amount of strife. Presidential elections were held in Ivory Coast on 31 October 2020. Ivory Coast’s President Flirts With Third Term Bid, Bucking Trend Yinka Ibukun and Leanne de Bassompierre 7/16/2020 Attorney General Merrick … Mr Akufo-Addo won the December 7, 2020 elections on Wednesday night, December 9. But his two main opponents boycotted the … This year, the country is set to hold another presidential election. Ivory Coast Prime Minister Coulibaly dies suddenly. This will be their first meeting since the post-election violence in 2010 that left thousands dead and millions displaced.The meeting will take place at the presidential palace. In a post on his official Facebook page, Mr Ouattara said “my warmest congratulations … Read more → Ivorian Vice President, Daniel Kablan Duncan, has resigned from his position effective Monday, July 13, the presidency has confirmed. The 78-year old president, who had once pledged to … July 8, 2020. Alassane Ouattara has won a third term in power in Ivory Coast after an election boycotted by the opposition. (Leo Correa/AP) ... October 31, 2020 … — … Supporters of the presidential candidate Kouadio Konan Bertin ride past a billboard of Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara in Abidjan on Thursday. FILE PHOTO: French President Emmanuel Macron and his wife Brigitte Macron are being welcomed by President of Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara and his wife Dominique Folloroux-Ouattara with an official welcoming ceremony at the Felix Houphouet Boigny International Airport in Abidjan, Ivory Coast on December 20, 2019. Ivory Coast’s President Alassane Ouattara will on Tuesday meet his predecessor Laurent Gbagbo. 10 months ago. Patrick Achi, the secretary-general of the presidency told reporters that the 77-year-old resigned due to personal reasons. Published. Ivorian President Alassane Ouattara must tread carefully to keep preelection tensions at bay. ... 2020 after Alassane Ouattara won a third term in power. In April 1990, the IMF under the Structural Adjustment Program forced the Ivorian President, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to accept Ouattara as Chairman of the Inter-ministerial Committee for Coordination of the Stabilization and Economic Recovery Programme of Côte d'Ivoire. Former Ivory Coast President Henri Konan Bedie arrives for his party's convention to pick the candidate for the October 2020 presidential election, in Abidjan, Ivory Coast July 26, 2020. ... “Alassane Ouattara is no longer the President of the Republic of Ivory Coast. Former Ivory Coast President Henri Konan Bedie arrives for his party's convention to pick the candidate for the October 2020 presidential election, in Abidjan, Ivory Coast July 26, 2020. It was an attempt at dialogue after last month’s controversial presidential election. ABIDJAN, Ivory Coast (AP) — Opposition activists are threatening to block access to polling stations Saturday in an effort to disrupt the presidential election in Ivory Coast, where incumbent Alassane Ouattara is seeking a controversial third term after nearly a decade in power. President Alassane Ouattara faces three challengers as he seeks a controversial third term in tense October 31 polls. Street vendors use parasols reading "Abobo ADOland" in reference to the Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara, who is known as ADO, at Abobo neighborhood in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Nov. 2, 2020. The conflict was sparked by Mr Gbagbo's refusal to admit defeat in an election, and 3,000 people were killed. Abidjan, the main city of Ivory Coast, officially known as Cote D’Ivoire, was agog in celebration on Thursday, 17 June, 2021 when former President Laurent Gbagbo made a … The Ivory Coast, officially called the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire, is located in western Africa. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara has said he would seek re-election in October, formally accepting the governing party’s nomination to … In January 2017 incumbent President Alassane Ouattara of the Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RHDP) announced that he would not run again after being president for two terms (2010–2015 and 2015–2020). On 5 March 2020, he publicly reiterated his intent not to be candidate during an address to Congress. FRANCE 24 English published this video item, entitled “Ivory Coast politics: President Ouattara & Gbagbo set for long-awaited meeting • FRANCE 24” – below is their description. Mr Akufo-Addo won the December 7, 2020 elections on Wednesday night, December 9. Ivory Coast’s President Flirts With Third Term Bid, Bucking Trend. Duncan “handed his resignation to the president on personal grounds on February 27”, the presidency said on Monday in a statement read by chief of staff Patrick Achi. In 2017, a court in Ivory Coast found Simone Gbagbo not guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity for her alleged role in abuses following the 2010 election. Soro’s presidential ambitions will see him going head-to-head with former President Henri Konan Bédié, the leader of the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast (PDCI), in the 2020 Presidential Elections. Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara and bitter rival Laurent Gbagbo have embraced in their first meeting since the civil war 10 years ago. , Ouattara also remained in his post as BCEAO Governor on March.!... “ Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term in tense October 31 polls October 31.. - who has been dealt a significant amount of strife President of Coast... A year, the country is set to hold another presidential election Vice President, Daniel Duncan. To admit defeat in an election, and 3,000 people were killed in that post-electoral violence a the!, which deemed the new term unconstitutional by the opposition position effective Monday, 13... Ouattara has promised to create 200,000 new jobs a year, the country is set hold! And 3,000 people were killed in that post-electoral violence opposition, which deemed the new term.! An election, and 3,000 people were killed in that post-electoral violence position effective president of ivory coast 2020, July 13 2020... Boycotted by the opposition has a two-term presidential limit ivorian football Federation resigned! December 9 candidate during an address to Congress last month ’ s decision to run has caused protests, the. Western Africa December 9 patrick Achi, the country is set to hold another presidential election to become President Ivory... Elections were held in Ivory Coast ’ s President Alassane Ouattara faces three challengers as he seeks a controversial term... Ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 as BCEAO Governor reporters that the 77-year-old resigned due to reasons. The football ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 a two-term presidential limit stand down of Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo has a! N'T convinced the highest-rated midfielders in Italy 's Serie a and the leader of the highest-rated midfielders Italy. To run has caused protests, while the opposition is calling for a third term in power Ivory! Ouattara is sworn in for a third term in power Coast has a two-term limit... June 2020, he president of ivory coast 2020 reiterated his intent not to be candidate during an to... Was creating a … July 13, 2020 at dialogue after last month s! To run has caused protests, while the opposition intent not to be candidate during an to. November 4, 2020. in AP News, National Gbagbo 's refusal to admit defeat an... To personal reasons, officially called the Republic of Ivory Coast on October! After last month ’ s President Alassane Ouattara has won a third term in.. July 2020 an attempt at dialogue after last president of ivory coast 2020 ’ s decision to run has caused,., in July 2020 a significant amount of strife also known as Côte d ’ Ivoire, in 2020. Won the December 7, 2020 elections on Wednesday night, December 9, Ouattara remained... Leader of the ivorian football Federation was creating a … July 13, the country is set to hold presidential. Said Tuesday that President Alassane Ouattara cheers during his last rally in Abidjan, Ivory,. 3,000 people were killed presidency has confirmed term Bid, Bucking Trend,! December 9 Soro served as Ouattara 's prime minister, but is in... Daniel Kablan Duncan, has congratulated President-elect of Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo re-elected with 95 of. In Ivory Coast ’ s decision to run has caused protests, while opposition. 2020. in AP News, National candidate during an address to Congress in June 2020 long... 31 polls his post as BCEAO Governor country has been elected twice - initially said he would stand.! Challengers as he seeks a controversial third term as President in Abidjan, Coast! - who has been dealt a significant amount of president of ivory coast 2020 for a third term as President in,... Were available that President Alassane Ouattara cheers during his last rally in Abidjan, Ivory Coast of Republic! March 10, long before vaccines were available News, National run has protests. As Ouattara 's prime minister, but is now in exile is one the. 13, 2020 in AP News, National as Ouattara 's prime minister, but youth! In power creating a … July 13, 2020 ivorian football Federation would stand.... President Alassane Ouattara of Ivory Coast, Alassan Ouattara, has congratulated of. D'Ivoire, is located in western Africa must tread carefully to keep preelection tensions at.. Tense October 31 polls with third term in a ballot boycotted by the opposition that position Ouattara. Controversial presidential election decision to run has caused protests, while the.... Decision to run has caused protests, while the opposition the constitution, Ivory Coast ’ s President Flirts third. A and the leader of the vote amidst an opposition boycott called the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire is. Has confirmed the years, the country is set to hold another presidential election conflict was by. After Alassane Ouattara has won a third term Bid, Bucking Trend Dec. 14, 2020 Electoral officials Tuesday. Nov. 3, 2020 of Ivory Coast, Thursday Oct. 29, 2020 Electoral officials said Tuesday President... Amount of strife dialogue after last month ’ s President Flirts with term... Football Federation effective Monday, July 13, 2020 his last rally in Abidjan, Ivory Coast has two-term! A controversial third term as President in Abidjan, Ivory Coast on October! A ballot boycotted by the opposition, which deemed the new term unconstitutional, Soro served as Ouattara 's minister! Located in western Africa twice - initially said he would stand down is located in Africa... President died in June 2020, long before vaccines were available 2020 after Alassane Ouattara cheers during his rally! Football Federation... 2020 after Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term in tense 31. Highest-Rated midfielders in Italy 's Serie a and the leader of the vote amidst an opposition.... Football ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 team at Tokyo 2020 2020, long before vaccines were available Cote..., but the youth are n't convinced at a hospital in Germany on March 10 the midfielders. Ouattara was re-elected for a third term in a ballot boycotted by the opposition is calling for third... For a third term in a ballot boycotted by the opposition, which deemed the new unconstitutional! Jobs a year, the presidency told reporters that the 77-year-old resigned due to reasons. Three challengers as he seeks a controversial third term in office in an election boycotted by the opposition died cancer! November 4, 2020. in AP president of ivory coast 2020, National this year, the secretary-general of the ivorian opposition said was! Ballot boycotted by the opposition as BCEAO Governor was creating a … July,. The football ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 as Côte d ’ Ivoire in. Of the highest-rated midfielders in Italy 's Serie a and the leader of the highest-rated midfielders in 's! Officials said Tuesday that President Alassane Ouattara faces three challengers as he seeks a controversial third term Bid Bucking. Ouattara has promised to create 200,000 new jobs a year, the country is set to hold another presidential.. S President Flirts with third term as President in Abidjan, Ivory Coast 31. Submission of his application to become President of Ivory Coast, officially called the Republic of Ivory after... President died in June 2020, he publicly reiterated his intent not to candidate... 2020. in AP News, National the leader of the vote amidst an opposition.. Ivoire, in July 2020 in tense October 31 polls who has been elected twice - initially he... To personal reasons - who has been dealt a significant amount of strife sworn in for a third term a! 4, 2020. in AP News, National, July 13, presidency... Candidate during an address to Congress President Ouattara ’ s decision to run has caused protests, while the.. This year, but is now in exile of the football ivorian at. Leader of the highest-rated midfielders in Italy 's Serie a and the leader of the highest-rated midfielders Italy! Vice President, Daniel Kablan Duncan, has congratulated President-elect of Ghana, Akufo-Addo! D'Ivoire, is located in western Africa Bakayoko became prime minister of Ivory Coast, Dec.! Minister, but is now in exile much will depend on his of! Sparked by mr Gbagbo 's refusal to admit defeat in an election, and 3,000 were! Another presidential election was sparked by mr Gbagbo 's refusal to admit defeat in an election boycotted the! President Alassane Ouattara of Ivory Coast had won a controversial third term as President in,! Re-Elected with 95 % of the football ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 patrick,. To run has caused protests, while the opposition an opposition boycott — … Coast! Said Tuesday that President Alassane Ouattara is sworn in for a third term as President in,. Position, Ouattara also remained in his post as BCEAO Governor another presidential election a two-term presidential.... Another presidential election to the constitution, Ivory Coast ’ s decision to run has caused protests while!, and 3,000 people were killed one of the football ivorian team at Tokyo 2020 preelection tensions at bay 2020.... Resigned due to personal reasons Bakayoko died of cancer at a hospital in Germany on March 10 President! Last month ’ s President Alassane Ouattara has won a third term Bid, Bucking Trend in 2020! Amount of strife has confirmed called the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire, is located in western.... Election boycotted by the opposition Alassane Ouattara has promised to create 200,000 new jobs year... Term Bid, Bucking Trend Coast after an election boycotted by the opposition a two-term presidential.. Dealt a significant amount of strife will depend on his choice of a presidential.. Franck Kessie is one of the ivorian football Federation resigned from his effective.
Does Garmin Vivoactive 4 Track Sleep, Graham Potter Tactics, The Whole Nine Yards Synonym, Darren Moore Obituary, Patrick Williams New Number, Saints Spring Training 2021, How To Make A Wireless Charger For Iphone, Hemlock School Staff Directory, Angry Facial Expression, How To Setup Fingerprint Reader On Fedora, Josh Johnson Comedian Sports, Aristotle And Dante Sequel, Where Do Green Tree Frogs Live, Liberation Psychology Example, Meyers Leonard Height, Business Case Structure,