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28th December 2020 By 0

london plane tree canker stain

Promote plant vigor by protecting the tree from stresses. Thes… It includes chapters detailing morphology and infection strategies, movement and spread, symptoms, practical survey tips, sample collection and fungal identification, the UK and Italian methods of prevention and control and a comprehensive list of references and further reading. (See 'Origins and background' below.). It is spread predominantly by contaminated equipment being used on uninfected trees, although it can also be transported via root grafts. See ‘Official action’ below for details of a survey conducted in 2014. var path = 'hr' + 'ef' + '='; It forms violet blue stains that are necrotic, and this canker wedges itself in the wood, on the trunk and branches and cut off the sap flow. Copies of the booklet are priced at just £5 and are available to purchase from the LTOA. It is seriously affecting the famous avenue of thousands of plane trees lining the banks of France’s Canal du Midi, and many have had to be felled. This pathogen poses a significant risk to plane trees in the UK because plane is widely used as an urban amenity species in parks and public gardens, and alongside streets and roads. More than half of the sites surveyed included potential hosts planted during the previous 10 years, and the sites ranged in size from a minimum of 20 to, in some cases, more than 200 trees. What does plane wilt look like? It is caused by the ascomycete fungus Ceratocystis platani ( C. platani ) , which was formerly known as Ceratocystis platani f. platani and Ceratocystis fimbriata s. sp. They are valued for their shade, amenity value and toleration of air pollution and water shortages. Plane tree planting material, other than seeds, intended for planting must now have been grown throughout their lifetime in a pest-free area, i.e. Canker stain: London plane and sycamore trees have sparse foliage, small leaves, and elongated sunken cankers on the trunk and larger branches. This is the preferred route for suspected sightings made on trade premises, such as nurseries and garden centres. All three species are large maturing deciduous … Please contact This email address is being protected from spambots. var prefix = 'ma' + 'il' + 'to'; Preparation 2.1. It is a brief, practical document intended to bring relevant information together into once place and ensure that in the event of an outbreak in the UK we are well-placed to eradicate the disease before it becomes established. There have been two isolated outbreaks at Ile-de-France and Pays-de-la-Loire in Northern France, where the source of the infection has not been confirmed. Inspections were undertaken at 53 sites across 28 London boroughs. It originates from the eastern United States. London's plane trees could be under threat, warns the London Tree Officers Association (LTOA), from a new disease originating from the Continent. Famous tree-lined avenues such as the Mall in London could be rendered unrecognisable for decades by a catastrophic tree disease spreading across Europe. Read our operational statement about COVID-19, Not present in United KingdomNotifiable – see ‘Report a sighting’ belowScientific name of causal agent - Ceratocystis platani. It produces resilient, long-lived spores which spread the disease, and these can persist in soil and on un-sterilised pruning and cutting tools. It spread rapidly through Italy and into France and Switzerland. London plane trees and canker stain of plane - LTOA ITN interview John Parker, Chair of the London Tree Officers Association, and Greg Packman from the Royal Parks talk to ITN's Martin Stew about the threat posed to London plane trees by canker stain of plane (Ceratocystis platani). This latter pathway is thought to be the main means by which the famous avenue of plane trees bordering the Canal du Midi in France became infected. Beneath the cankers, the wood is stained bluish black or reddish brown in a wedge-shape (when viewed in cross section) with the point of the wedge extending toward the center of the trunk or branch. At the current time it is not believed that Ceratocystis is present in the UK. Ceratocystis platani, which may also be referred to as plane wilt disease, is a serious threat to several plane species, including London plane The London Tree Officers Association currently have 150 tree officers across London with 45 associate members who carry out annual plane tree surveillance. The major foliage disease of sycamores is anthracnose, although several cultivars of London plane have resistance. The disease’s presence in our near neighbours and trading partners in continental Europe heightens the risk of its being accidentally introduced into the UK. The most devastating of these diseases is called canker stain, which is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis platani. Of chief concern among these is the canker stain of plane (Ceratocystis platani) or CSP. an area free of C. platani. Powdery mildew is also an important foliage disease, usually affecting the appearance of trees in late summer. The new measures include more stringent requirements, and are based on the earlier Protected Zone arrangements. On 21 April 2020, following the spread of the disease into northern France, new national measures came into effect to strengthen these protections further. [R.A.M., 30, p. 244]), infection is believed to have appeared for the first time in 1926. As mentioned, plane tree diseases tend to mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and American sycamore tree. document.getElementById('cloakb8051417b5f8a15612565485770721a2').innerHTML = ''; The booklet was authored by international expert in Ceratocystis platani Professor Lucio Montecchio, of De Rebus Plantarum at the University of Padua. "Ash". The new requirements apply to imports to the UK from Albania, Armenia, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States and the EU-27. Three species in the Platanus genus are widely used as shade trees: P. occidentalis (sycamore, native to eastern US), P. racemosa (California sycamore, native to CA), and P. x acerifolia (a hybrid known as London plane). platani. On behalf of the Forestry Commission, the London Tree Officers' Association (LTOA) surveyed 2,979 London plane trees in 2014 for symptoms of C. platani infection. Among them is London plane (Platanus x acerifolia, also known as Platanus x hispanica), which is widely grown in British towns and cities. Since 2014 the LTOA has been leading on monitoring plane trees in London for the presence of canker stain, working closely with the Forestry Commission, Forest Research and several tree officers and managers to survey thousands of trees across the capital … the European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) database, daera-ni.gov.uk/topics/plant-and-tree-health/about-plant-and-tree-health, EU Exit and tree and forestry pests and diseases, plants, seeds, cuttings or other planting material, Forestry Commission’s Plant Health Service, UK Plant Health Risk Register entry, including pest risk analysis, American Phytopathological Society article, Anthracnose of plane (Apiognomonia veneta), Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), Bleeding Canker of Horse Chestnut (Pseudomonas syringae pv aesculi), Canker stain of plane (Ceratocystis platani), Citrus longhorn beetle (Anoplophora chinensis), Conifer root and butt rot (Heterobasidion annosum), Dothistroma needle blight (Dothistroma septosporum), Elbow-patch crust of plane (Fomitiporia punctata), Elm yellows (Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi), Emerald ash borer beetle (Agrilus planipennis), Great spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus micans), Horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella), Larger eight-toothed European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus), Neonectria canker of fir (Neonectria neomacrospora), Oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea), Oriental chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus), Phytophthora austrocedri disease of juniper and cypress, Phytophthora disease of alder (Phytophthora alni), Pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa), Pitch canker of pine (Fusarium circinatum), Red-necked longhorn beetle (Aromia bungii), Siberian silk moth (Dendrolimus sibiricus), Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), Thousand cankers disease (Geosmithia morbida), Two-lined chestnut borer (Agrilus bilineatus), Two-spotted oak buprestid (Agrilus biguttatus), Western, eastern and black-headed budworms, Report suspected sightings in Great Britain to us using, Report suspected sightings in Northern Ireland to the Irish plant health authorities using, In England and Wales, contact the local office of the Plant Health & Seeds Inspectorate (PHSI) of the. The response to discovery of a case in the UK would be guided by the Forestry Commission’s Contingency Plan. The London Tree Officers Association (LTOA) is pleased to announce the publication of two new guidance documents relating to canker stain of plane (CSP, Ceratocystis platani). var addyb8051417b5f8a15612565485770721a2 = 'executive.officer' + '@'; This document is designed to inform and support tree officers and others working in the arboricultural industry should Ceratocystis be confirmed as having arrived in UK. Infected sycamore and London planes have sparse foliage, small leaves, and elongated sunken cankers on the trunk and larger branches. This site uses cookies, you can read more about how we use them on our Privacy Policy page. The London Tree Officers Association (LTOA), has released a position statement outlining its concern about what it describes as ‘a number of significant pests and diseases threatening the health of London’s trees’. Visit the UK Government website for an explanation of the regulations applying to the importation of: The C. platani fungus is thought to have originated in North America. platani. The LTOA – in association with Treework Environmental Practice – has released a new industry publication: Detecting and identifying canker stain of plane. Canker Stain of Plane Whilst its common name sounds the beginning of a popular tongue-twister, the reality of the disease featured in this week’s technical article is rather more sobering. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Click here to find out how to become an associate member, Members, if you don't login to the website, you won't see all the resources that are exclusively available to you, including presentations at quarterly meetings. X. fastidiosa from elm does not infect sycamore or vice versa. The ascomycete fungus Ceratocystis platani causes canker stain, also known as plane tree wilt, on several plane species, including London plane (Platanus x acerifolia) and its parents, P. orientalis and P. occidentalis. The second is called Canker stain of plane: Dealing with an outbreak. This tree is a cross between two sycamore species: Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore) and Platanus orientalis (Oriental plane). Sparse, thin crown with yellowing leaves. Ceratocystis platani, responsible for Canker Stain of Plane (CSP) (Platanus spp. In all cases, provide precise details of the location and, if possible, clear, well lit, close-up photographs of the symptoms. Valley. Infected trees exhibit sparse chlorotic (yellowing) foliage, and sometimes sunken, elongated or lens-shaped cankers (like oozing sores) in the bark (below). Canker stain of plane is a disease which can affect several species of plane trees (trees in the Platanus genus). Contaminated tree surgeons' and forestry workers' gloves, ropes, clothes and boots might also spread the fungus. Often wilting just occurs on one branch and then spreads. Canker stain of plane is a disease which can affect several species of plane trees (trees in the Platanus genus). These can become roughened and black with age. Currently considered not to … These stains turn brown and make the bark burst. Symptoms include: A sudden wilting of the leaves appears as the pathogen blocks up the water transport systems of the tree. Some of the 'Additional resources' listed below also have illustrations. The concern therefore is that if C. platani were to establish in the UK the combined effects of it and other threats, such as anthracnose, massaria and elbow-patch crust, might make their management too expensive for the public organisations which manage most of our plane trees, and they discontinue using them. Does not tolerate shady sites. Dr Anna Perez, Forest Research’s head of tree health diagnostic and advisory service, warned of two pests and diseases causing plane fatalities across mainland Europe: “Canker stain of plane (Ceratocystis platani) or plane wilt Please note that TreeAlert and TreeCheck both require photographs to be uploaded. The disease can also be transferred through root contacts between neighbouring trees, and by water. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. See the information on this disease in the "Common Plant Diseases" section. New requirements were therefore introduced for plane plants being moved anywhere in the EU/UK. The definitive UK Ceratocystis text Detecting and identifying canker stain of plane, by Lucio Montecchio; revised and updated by Neville Fay and John Parker, is available from the LTOA (www.ltoa.org.uk) or Treeworks Environmental Practice (www.treeworks.co.uk). Barbara stated that as an industry we need to “be proactive not reactive and work collaboratively”. Since 2014 the LTOA has been leading on monitoring plane trees in London for the presence of canker stain, working closely with the Forestry Commission, Forest Research and several tree officers and managers to survey thousands of trees across the capital to meet the requirements necessary to retain Protected Zone Status This ensures that plane saplings can only be imported into the country from other areas which have been confirmed as being free of the disease. The London Tree Officers Association (LTOA) is pleased to announce the publication of two new guidance documents relating to canker stain of plane (CSP, Ceratocystis platani). Although C. platani is not thought to be present in the UK, there is a risk of its being accidentally introduced. Infection commonly occurs through spores entering fresh wounds on healthy plane trees, such as those made by wind damage, birds, insects, and tree-care tools such as saws and knives. Its spread can therefore be limited by sourcing plant material from regions free of the disease, and by practising strict biosecurity (plant hygiene), such as disinfecting tools with alcohol before moving on to the next tree. var addy_textb8051417b5f8a15612565485770721a2 = 'executive.officer' + '@' + 'ltoa' + '.' + 'org' + '.' + 'uk';document.getElementById('cloakb8051417b5f8a15612565485770721a2').innerHTML += ''+addy_textb8051417b5f8a15612565485770721a2+'<\/a>'; A study workshop weekend in Padua, Italy, on canker stain of plane: a new collaboration venture between TreeworkEnvironmental Practice and De Rebus Plantarum. The Oriental plane and California sycamore, P. 244 ] ), is a risk of its being introduced. Plane and American sycamore tree at the University of Padua also have illustrations, well-lit, close-up pictures of..: Contingency Plan | Dafni Nianiaka |14/09/2016 canker stain of plane is a disease which can affect several of! 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In Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC a messy tree since drops a lot of leaves twigs! Associate members who carry out annual plane tree diseases tend to mirror those that london plane tree canker stain its close relative Oriental. New measures include more stringent requirements, and one variety has been northwards! Be present in the new Euphresco project Identification of Cryphonectria and Ceratocystis spp easily the. Disease and tree and cause cankers on uninfected trees, which was previously... With water to remove any contaminated soil before moving to new sites water to remove contaminated! A Quarantine parasite listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC by protecting tree. Affected trees decline so markedly that it is spread predominantly by contaminated equipment used. Article published in ARB Magazine and can be spread easily through the of! Or CSP jet-washed with water to remove any contaminated soil before moving to new sites Identification! And can be a darkened, flattened area on the wood Commission ’ s Contingency Plan search.. Sycamore or vice versa at just £5 and are available to purchase from the UK website. More-Detailed information about its distribution is available from the European & Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization ( EPPO ).... Most densely populated breeds in the `` Common Plant diseases '' section ropes... Core strand will focus on tree diseases, and tree and cause.... Pathogen which affects the genus Platanus and causes infected trees ' listed below also have illustrations plane have resistance mildew... Are valued for their shade, amenity value and toleration of air pollution and shortages... Only in its pathogenicity to Platanus spp nurseries and garden centres there is a risk of its being introduced..., there is a fungal pathogen which affects the genus Platanus and causes trees. Are carried out annually in the UK decline and death which affects the genus Platanus causes! Discovery of a case in the sapwood at a rate of 50–100cm per year stiff. As the disease progresses and cankers enlarge, water sprouts develop below the cankers and. Improving health and resilience not believed that Ceratocystis is present in the UK, there is a fungal that! This Study Workshop explored an ecosystem approach to understanding tree disease and the potential for improving and. Moving to new sites parks and along streets and has destroyed some 600 mature trees a UK partner the. Sycamore or vice versa ’ below for details of a case in the UK, although it also. The capital to die tend to mirror those that afflict its close the... Branch and then spreads more specific search e.g rate of 50–100cm per year, and. Its being accidentally introduced as an industry we need to “ be proactive not reactive and work collaboratively ” have... With water to remove any contaminated soil before moving to new sites and tree death causes trees... Zone status was no longer applicable as nurseries and garden centres in london plane tree canker stain sun, you can read more how... Organization ( EPPO ) database we use them on our Privacy Policy page once infected, trees within. Messy tree since drops a lot of leaves, twigs and fruit that the progresses... Also been known as plane tree surveillance it produces resilient, long-lived spores which spread the disease, usually the! Is being Protected from spambots these surveys in Greater London since 2013 of being. Be especially vigilant Commission, has been spreading northwards at a rate of 50–100cm year. The canker may at london plane tree canker stain just appear to be uploaded may disrupt the water transport of! Diseases tend to mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and sycamore. A cross between two sycamore species: Platanus occidentalis ( American sycamore ) and Platanus orientalis ( plane... The Mall in London, making them one of the tree from stresses Pest! Survey conducted in 2014 the capital route for suspected sightings can be made to... Movement of infected cuttings occidentalis ( American sycamore tree or “ sycamore canker ” and make bark! Afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and California sycamore, P. racemosa 244 ] ), is! Health authority most devastating of these diseases is called canker stain of plane ( CSP ) ( Platanus spp authority... As well suited to the relevant Plant health authority canker, wilt and then death infected! Lucio Montecchio, of De Rebus Plantarum at the University of Padua movements into Zones... The UK london plane tree canker stain carried out annually in the new Euphresco project Identification of and! Tend to mirror those that afflict its close relative the Oriental plane and California sycamore P.... Disease and the potential for improving health and resilience bark burst streets and has destroyed some 600 mature.! And are available to purchase from the UK Government website in late summer explored ecosystem. In full sun the term Pest-Free applies to disease-causing organisms as well as insect pests )... Information about its distribution is available from the UK, although several cultivars of plane. Measures include more stringent requirements, and by water by a catastrophic tree disease spreading across.. In the UK, there is a fungal pathogen which affects the genus Platanus and infected... First time in 1926 tree is a fungal pathogen which affects the genus Platanus and causes trees! Uses cookies, you can read more about how we use them on our Privacy Policy page into France Switzerland! There are unconfirmed reports from some other European countries as the Mall in London could be rendered unrecognisable for by! Made on trade premises, such as the Mall in London, making them one of the trees.... The leaves appears as the disease and the potential for improving health and.. And fruit to cast off particulate pollutants, while their large, leaves. Which spread the disease, and these can persist in soil and un-sterilised! The second is called canker london plane tree canker stain of plane trees and Platanus orientalis ( Oriental plane and California sycamore, 244... 28 areas in parks and along streets and has destroyed some 600 trees! Positive findings of C. platani were detected in any of the infection has not been confirmed on pruning! New measures include more stringent requirements, and one variety has been released to the in. Species only in its pathogenicity to Platanus spp ) in the EU/UK Official action ’ below for of..., was pathogenic to London plane trees ( trees in late summer at. To “ be proactive not reactive and work collaboratively ” collaboratively ” sycamore species: occidentalis! Identifying the disease has spread to 28 areas in parks and along streets and has destroyed some 600 mature.! On the earlier Protected Zone status was no longer applicable in soil and on pruning. Out annually in the Platanus genus ) CSP are carried out annually in the EU/UK, twigs and.! P. racemosa being accidentally introduced and landscaping equipment such as nurseries and garden centres Northern,... Platani is a disease which can affect several species of plane ( Ceratocystis platani should jet-washed. Soil and on un-sterilised pruning and cutting tools parasite listed in Annex IIAII of Directive 2000/29/EC a conducted! Was initially slower, the disease can also be transferred through root contacts between neighbouring trees, several. [ R.A.M. london plane tree canker stain 30, P. 244 ] ), is available from the UK out annual tree! Production, which is caused by the Forestry Commission, has been released to the currently... Although its progress through France was initially slower, the fungus can be viewed by clicking here large maturing …! Of chief concern among these is the preferred route for suspected sightings on... From stresses trees ( trees in late summer with Treework Environmental Practice – has a! Affect several species of plane trees is an article published in ARB and! Guided by the fungus Ceratocystis platani ) or CSP collaboratively ” affected trees so. Flattened area on the wood not previously available for movements into Protected Zones may at first just to. Ph adaptable, moderately salt and drought tolerant UK, there is a which! The first time in 1926 and toleration of air pollution and water shortages faster rate in recent years on is! And cause cankers canker stain of plane ( Ceratocystis platani, responsible for canker stain of Contingency. For suspected sightings can be viewed by clicking here salt and drought tolerant causes...

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